• Waza 技

    Kuzushi – The Subtlety of Unbalancing Your Opponent in Aikido

    Kuzushi 崩し is a term widely used in Japanese martial arts, referring to the act of breaking an opponent’s balance. The word “kuzu” 崩 literally means “crumble” or “collapse,” and “kuzushi” generally signifies the concept of unbalancing an opponent. While most commonly associated with Judo, the term is also employed in Aikido and some other martial arts, though its interpretation can vary slightly across different disciplines. Judo competitors are constantly seeking opportunities to break their opponent’s balance In Aikido, kuzushi occurs at the moment of initial contact. On a physical level, it is achieved through a combination of timing, positioning, and posturing. By employing precise timing, the nage 投げ (defender)…

  • DO 道

    Zanshin and Mushin – The Two Martial ‘Hearts’ of Aikido

    Zanshin 残心 is a crucial concept in Japanese martial arts. Literally, Zan 残 means “remaining” or “lingering,” and Shin 心 means “heart,” but it is more accurately understood as “mind” in this context. In Asian culture, Shin extends beyond the physical heart, encompassing both the mind and spirit, blending cognitive and emotional experiences. The mind and heart are seen as deeply interconnected. Thus, Zanshin refers to a state of awareness, alertness, and presence of mind, particularly after executing a technique, even when the opponent appears to have lost the ability to continue. In practice, Zanshin manifests differently across martial arts. For example, in Kyudo 弓道 (Japanese archery), it is the…